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Dietary Rules

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Description and comparative analysis of the dietary rules of different religions and confessions

Dietary Rules

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4. Eastern Orthodoxy
Religious fasting is a well established and codified practice in Eastern Orthodoxy. It refers to the willing abstinence from certain types of food, drink and worldly activities for a set period of time.

For Eastern Orthodox Christians, fasting is an important spiritual discipline, found in both the Old and the New Testament. It is tied to the principle in Orthodox theology of the synergy between the body and the soul. Religious fasting is a complete spiritual practice which includes good deeds, sincere prayer, and abstinence from worldly pleasures, including food. Following the example of the saints, the devout Christians strengthen their faith through renunciation, repentance and charity.

Religious fasting can take up a significant portion of the calendar year. Its purpose is not to inflict suffering, but to guard against gluttony, impure thoughts and deeds, to bolster prayer and repentance of one's sins. Fasting cleanses the body and toughens the will of the devotees.

Throughout the year, there are many single day fasts and four great fasting periods, which are related to the main holidays in the church calendar and correspond to the four seasons. The great fasts include:
  • Great Lent (40 days) and Holy Week (seven days)
  • Nativity Fast (40 days)
  • Apostles' Fast (variable length)
  • Dormition Fast (two weeks)

Wednesdays and Fridays are also fast days throughout the year (with the exception of fast-free periods). Wednesday commemorates the deliverance to the Lord, and Friday - His crucifixion.

Fasting during these times includes abstinence from meat, fish, dairy products, oil, alcoholic beverages and sexual activity. The great fasts have specific dietary rules for each day. When a feast day occurs on a fast day, the fast is often mitigated to some degree.

Those wishing to fast should consult with an experienced cleric, tell him about his spiritual and physical condition, and ask him for a blessing. Patients should always consult a doctor. Pregnant women should be very careful about fasting. Children and travellers are allowed a lighter regime.
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This project has been funded with support from the European Commission. This web site reflects the views only of the author, and the Commission cannot be held responsible for any use which may be made of the information contained therein.