4. Peer Learning in Teaching History of Religions
Peer learning is not a single, undifferentiated educational strategy. It encompasses a broad sweep of activities. For example, researchers from the University of Ulster identified 10 different models of peer learning (Griffiths, Housten and Lazenbatt, 1995). These ranged from the traditional proctor model, in which senior students tutor junior students, to the more innovative learning cells, in which students in the same year form partnerships to assist each other with both course content and personal concerns. Other models involved discussion seminars, private study groups, parrainage (a buddy system) or counseling, peer-assessment schemes, collaborative project or laboratory work, projects in different-sized (cascading) groups, workplace mentoring and community activities. Usually Peer‐to‐peer learning involves individuals of nearly the same age, or bound by a common special interest in the process of sharing experiences and knowledge with one another. It can occur intentionally – through facilitated formal opportunities, such as peer‐to‐peer learning groups, or unintentionally – through informal and usually accidental learning. The educational approach combines non‐formal and informal learning strategies. The peer‐to‐peer learning occurs amongst equals, in which case the messages are far more easily accepted, assimilated and internalized. That makes it a form of learning with the most sustainable results. This approach can be further developed into
Cultural peer learning (CPL), where:
- An educational approach technique involves peers in teaching and learning desired culture-related skills;
- An educational approach technique involves peers in learning about different cultures and the diversity of cultures.
- An educational approach technique involves peers of different cultural backgrounds in learning desired cultural competencies AND intercultural competencies by cultural activities.
Cultural peer learning can be useful for teachers when they teach the history of religions, because this approach allows teachers to connect to the personal experiences and beliefs of students and more importantly allows students to connect to each other and understand better the religious and cultural beliefs and traditions of their peers.